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It is a proxy is also known as proxy server software that acts as a mediator between a client and server on internet. Without the use of a proxy, users will send a request for the resource directly to a server and it would serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement but the addition of proxies can provide advantages such as better performance, privacy, security, and much more. As an additional layer for being able to pass over, the proxy functions as a gatekeeper for the internet between clients and servers.




The majority of people agree this: the mix of hardware for servers and installed proxy software is often referred too as proxy servers. In this article, we will concentrate on proxies that are typically described as software as well as those that are employed together with web servers. This article will provide the full description of two types of proxy: that is one that is a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each is unique in its use that is frequently confused due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide you with some knowledge about the different types of proxy and subtypes they have, and what ways they can prove useful for common setups. Through this article you'll learn to identify the circumstances where a proxy can be useful, and then decide the best forward proxy or reverse proxy for a particular scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy sometimes known by the name of the open proxy is a representative of a customer that is trying to send an internet request to an origin server. In this situation it is the situation that all requests coming from the client are directed to this forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy acting instead of the client, will review the request. At the beginning, it will determine if the client is allowed to transmit requests through this particular forward proxy. Then, it decides to deny the request or send it back to its original server. It's not able directly connect with the web. It can only access what the forward proxy permits it access to.




A common reason for using forward proxy is to achieve more privacy or protection on the internet. Forward proxy utilizes the internet as a personal client. In this way, it could use another IP address in comparison to the original IP address of the client.




Depending on how they were established in the past forward proxy servers may offer a wide range of choices, allowing you to:




Beware of ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your where you live.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that offer central security and permit-based access, such as in the workplace. If all internet traffic passes via an open forward proxy,, an administrator is able to grant only a handful of users online access, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of establishing firewalls at the level of client which could include multiple computers with different user and environment the firewall can be placed at the layer which redirects traffic from proxy servers.




Keep in mind that forward proxy servers have to be set up manually prior to use, whereas reverse proxies are often ignored by clients. Depending on whether an IP address is sent to the origin server through the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity can be granted or made clear.




There are a myriad of possibilities to consider when it comes to forward proxy options:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx A renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy functionality.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server service. Read our guide on the best method of setting up Squid proxy to allow connection with private networks in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP, making it better suited for scenarios like peer-to -peer traffic. It's also a good idea to learn how to configure the Dante proxy for private connections within Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a representative of a server on the internet that handles incoming requests by customers on its behalf. The web server may represent one or more servers. It could also be an application server, such as Gunicorn. Any of the above scenarios, a request could come in via the web at large. The majority of the time the request will be directed directly to the server along with the data the user is seeking. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, and blocks your web server from interaction with the open internet.




From a client's perspective from a client's perspective, using a reverse proxy is not different from communicating with you web server directly. It's basically the same and the client can't tell the difference. Client requests a resource, which is followed by receiving it, with no additional configurations required for the user.




Reverse proxy proxies may offer options, such as:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Directing traffic according to the rules you set up.


Additional features to cache data.




While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit only to the server layer, and not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the layer of web servers which can contain several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is concentrated in the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of working with firewalls as well as connecting with requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows the firewall to focus on the needs of their customers.




If there are several servers in a reverse proxy,, the reverse proxy will also take care of how requests are routed to which server. There could be multiple web servers operating within the same system and serving various kinds of resources or a mix of both. These servers may use the HTTP protocol in the same way as a traditional web server. They may also include applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy that directs customers to specific servers according to the kind of resource they are seeking, or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can profit by their position before web servers by delivering the ability to cache. Large static assets are able to be configured using caching guidelines to avoid the web server from being hit on every request, with certain solutions offering the possibility to directly serve static resources without connecting with the server at all. In addition reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy feature. You can also use the Apache web server, it's also equipped with a reverse proxy feature, it's a separate feature that is available for Apache while Nginx was initially designed for and specifically designed for reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward and reverse proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" or "reverse" have connotations of directionality and false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies are able to handle requests as well as responses. An alternative method to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the requirements of the application you're creating.




A reverse proxy can be beneficial in the development of a method to offer web-based applications on the internet. They serve as your servers during any interaction with the internet.




Forward proxy can be beneficial when they are used before a client for your personal use or in the workplace. They represent your client traffic whenever you use the internet.




A distinction based on usage case rather than focusing only at similar names will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article provides the definition of a proxy, which includes two major types of proxy: the forward one and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for application and a look at useful features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxy services, then take a look at our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as a reverse and web server proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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